Introduction
Machu Picchu, an ancient Incan fortress located in the Andes Mountains of Peru, is often referred to as the “Lost City of the Incas”. It is not only one of the most famous symbols of the Inca Empire but also one of the Seven Wonders of the World.
Historical Background
Built in the 15th century as a private estate for the Inca emperor Pachacuti, Machu Picchu miraculously escaped discovery by the Spanish conquerors in the 16th century. It remained hidden until it was rediscovered by Yale University professor Hiram Bingham in 1911.
Architectural Marvel
Machu Picchu is renowned for its classic Incan architectural style, featuring polished dry-stone walls. Some of the most famous structures include the Temple of the Sun, the Temple of the Three Windows, and the Intihuatana stone.
Natural Environment
Situated above the Urubamba River Valley at an altitude of approximately 2,430 meters (7,970 feet), Machu Picchu enjoys a subtropical mountain climate. It is surrounded by lush forests and steep peaks.
Modern Preservation
Since 1929, Machu Picchu has undergone extensive restoration and preservation efforts. In 1983, it was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site and was named one of the New Seven Wonders of the World in 2007.
Conclusion
Machu Picchu is not only an archaeological marvel but also a valuable heritage of human history and culture. Whether you are a history enthusiast or a nature lover, this is a travel destination not to be missed.